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In utero exposure to piperonyl butoxide, an additive in pyrethroid insecticides, appears to be negatively associated with neurodevelopment in children who are 3 years old.

Users of cannabis and other psychoactive substances have an earlier onset of psychotic illness compared to nonusers, according to a meta-analysis of 83 studies published online in the Archives of General Psychiatry.

A 10-year-old boy injured his left elbow during football practice. He subsequently had pain with normal range of motion of the elbow.

Children who consume unhealthy diets, watch too much television, or spend too much time playing video games instead of playing outdoors are likely to experience a higher prevalence of asthma symptoms than children who are more active and follow a healthier, Mediterranean-style dietary model. The research appeared in the February issue of the Journal of the American Dietetic Association.

Preschool-aged children should receive a vision screening to detect amblyopia or its risk factors at least once between the ages of 3 and 5 years, according to a revised grade B recommendation from the US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) published in the February issue of Pediatrics.

Almost one-third of children from low-income communities who were referred to a specialist failed to complete the referral.

Poor self-control in childhood predicts health problems, criminal behavior, and financial difficulties later in life, according to a longitudinal study.

The childhood and adolescent immunization schedules for 2011 have been approved by the American Academy of Pediatrics, the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (Centers for Disease Control), and the American Academy of Family Physicians.

I saw a 12-year-old African American US girl as a new patient and checked her vitamin D level, as we usually do on our panels these days. The level was 8.8 ng/mL, with a "normal" reported as over 32 ng/mL. What are current recommendations for vitamin D replacement in children-let alone dark-skinned children?

Bronchioloitis : Focus on hypertonic saline Fighting childhood obesity : Resources for the community pediatrician Dermcase : Annoying, warty plaque in preteen Puzzler : Unusual cause of chronic abdominal pain Updates : The Surgeon General on breastfeeding, Tdap vaccine, Sugar and cardiovascular risk

There are now 5 states that at least offer newborn screening for severe combined immunodeficiency.

A single dose of tetanus toxoid, reduced diphtheria toxoid, and acellular pertussis vaccine is recommended by the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices for all persons 11 to 18 years old to boost immunity to pertussis.