Histiocytosis X and Lichen Sclerosus et Atrophicus

I always find it difficult to speak with pediatricians about diaper rashes. Pediatricians look after many more children with rashes in the diaper area than I do--and all have their own secret ways to treat these children.

The photos presented this month reveal disease entities I have seen that did not respond to conventional therapy and that became resistant "diaper rashes." You may have seen some of these "bottoms" in previous issues of Consultant For Pediatricians. Next to each photograph, I have given several clues to the diagnosis. See if you can match these clues with the diagnostic choices listed below. You can check to see whether your diagnostic choices are correct on page 61.

I hope you enjoy the diagnostic challenge. *

Case 1:

1. Yellow-red papules, some of which are eroded and/or purpuric

2. Seborrheic dermatitis pattern elsewhere

3. Recalcitrant lesions

Your Dx:_____

Choose from the list below:

A. Granuloma gluteale infantum

B. Acrodermatitis enteropathica

C. Psoriasis with pustules (Candida)

D. Histiocytosis X

E. Atopic eczema

F. Lichen sclerosus et atrophicus

Case 2:

1. Depigmentation in a symmetric pattern about the vulva and perianal skin

2. Erythema, erosions, and purpura

3. Itching and pain in the vulvar area

Your Dx:_____

Choose from the list below:

A. Granuloma gluteale infantum

B. Acrodermatitis enteropathica

C. Psoriasis with pustules (Candida)

D. Histiocytosis X

E. Atopic eczema

F. Lichen sclerosus et atrophicus


 

Case 3:

1. Severe "dermatitis" with erosions and pustules

2. Peri-orificial distribution

3. May be associated with diarrhea and failure to thrive

Your Dx:_____

Choose from the list below:

A. Granuloma gluteale infantum

B. Acrodermatitis enteropathica

C. Psoriasis with pustules (Candida)

D. Histiocytosis X

E. Atopic eczema

F. Lichen sclerosus et atrophicus


 

Case 4:

1. Initial improvement with anti-candidal therapy

2. Persistence of erythema and maceration about the vulva, perianal, and flexural skin

3. Often associated with a family history of psoriasis

Your Dx:_____

Choose from the list below:

A. Granuloma gluteale infantum

B. Acrodermatitis enteropathica

C. Psoriasis with pustules (Candida)

D. Histiocytosis X

E. Atopic eczema

F. Lichen sclerosus et atrophicus


 

Case 5:

1. Multiple red-brown papules and nodules, often eroded

2. Prolonged use of mid-strength potent corticosteroids in the diaper area

3. Spontaneous resolution once the corticosteroids are stopped

Your Dx:_____

Choose from the list below:

A. Granuloma gluteale infantum

B. Acrodermatitis enteropathica

C. Psoriasis with pustules (Candida)

D. Histiocytosis X

E. Atopic eczema

F. Lichen sclerosus et atrophicus


 

Case 6:

1. Erythema with scaling on convex surfaces of the thighs and suprapubic skin

2. Eczema elsewhere, but no pustules

Your Dx:_____

Choose from the list below:

A. Granuloma gluteale infantum

B. Acrodermatitis enteropathica

C. Psoriasis with pustules (Candida)

D. Histiocytosis X

E. Atopic eczema

F. Lichen sclerosus et atrophicus



 ANSWERS

Case 1:D, Histiocytosis X

Case 2:F, Lichen sclerosus et atrophicus

Case 3:B, Acrodermatitis enteropathica

Case 4:C, Psoriasis with pustules (Candida)

Case 5:A, Granuloma gluteale infantum

Case 6:E, Atopic eczema